Borehole Thermal Energy Storage (BTES) is a great solution for areas where ATES cannot be applied, such as in rocky or clay-rich soils. It’s also commonly used for smaller-scale solutions like homes or small offices. BTES involves plastic pipes placed in the ground through which a fluid is pumped. The fluid exchanges heat or cold with the soil, and this energy is used for heating or cooling buildings. The difference from GSHP (Ground Source Heat Pump) is that the system provides both heat and cold.